: Specialists compare the patterns between the child and the potential father to calculate the "probability of paternity". Types of Paternity Tests
: Includes amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS) , which collect samples directly from the womb but carry a small risk of miscarriage. Legal vs. Personal Tests : paternity testing
: Kits are available for personal use, but because there is no verified identity chain, results are not admissible in court . Common Uses and Benefits : Specialists compare the patterns between the child
: The most common method uses a buccal (cheek) swab to collect epithelial cells. While blood samples are also accurate, swabs are preferred for being painless and easier to transport. Personal Tests : : Kits are available for
Information for Parents on U.S. Citizenship and DNA Testing - Travel
: Analyzes fetal DNA found in the mother's blood; can be done as early as the 7th or 8th week .
Testing can be categorized by timing and the intended use of the results: