: Recent focus includes extracting lipids from microalgae under stress conditions (nutrient deprivation) to accumulate Triacylglycerols (TAGs) for sustainable metal-working fluids. Industrial Applications

: Specific fatty acids like ricinoleic acid (found in castor oil) have a hydroxyl group at C12, providing an additional reaction site for creating specialized derivatives like estolides . Synthesis & Derivatives

: Chemical modification usually occurs at three primary sites:

Industrial synthesis focuses on transforming natural fats and oils into high-value chemicals: