Biodefence Online

Historically, biodefence emerged from the shadows of offensive biological weapons programs [31, 35].

: At facilities like the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), scientists focus on "medical countermeasures"—creating the vaccines, diagnostics, and treatments needed to protect soldiers and civilians from biothreats [23, 35]. Modern Challenges: The "Silent" War biodefence

Today, the biodefence story is increasingly about the convergence of technologies [19]. novel pathogens in laboratories [2

For a deeper dive into the history and potential future of these threats, the graphic novel Germ Warfare: A Very Graphic History provides a visual walkthrough of these "microscopic weapons" [4]. biodefence

: Advances in synthetic biology and AI have lowered the bar for creating lethal, novel pathogens in laboratories [2, 19].