Background Check Before Buying A Gun May 2026

: You must fill out ATF Form 4473 , which asks 16 questions about your background, including criminal history, drug use, and mental health.

Federal law prohibits gun ownership for individuals in several categories, including: Convicted felons or those under indictment for a felony. Fugitives from justice. background check before buying a gun

: The system checks three primary national databases for disqualifying records: : You must fill out ATF Form 4473

: Further investigation is needed. If no determination is made within three business days , the dealer may (but is not required to) transfer the firearm, unless state law says otherwise. Common Prohibitions : The system checks three primary national databases

: A national index of criminal history records.

Before purchasing a firearm from a federally licensed dealer (FFL), you must undergo a background check through the . This process is designed to prevent prohibited persons—such as convicted felons or those with specific mental health histories—from legally obtaining guns. The Background Check Process

Those subject to certain domestic violence restraining orders or convicted of misdemeanor domestic violence. Individuals dishonorably discharged from the military. Key Policy Gaps & Perspectives The Effects of Background Checks - RAND