The range is a critical concept in digital video encoding, specifically for formats like MP4 (AVC/H.264) . It refers to "Limited Range" or "Broadcast Range" video, where the luminance (brightness) levels are squeezed into a specific 8-bit bucket to ensure compatibility with traditional television standards. The Technical Divide: 0-255 vs. 16-235

If you need to deliver a file directly from a camera without editing, 16-235 is often the safer "necessary" choice to ensure it looks correct on all displays immediately.

In the digital world, an 8-bit signal provides 256 possible values (0 to 255).

The standard for most compressed video distribution, including MP4. Here, 16 is defined as "Reference Black" and 235 as "Reference White". Why Does MP4 Use 16-235?

Typically used by PCs and digital cameras for internal processing. It uses the entire spectrum, where 0 is absolute black and 255 is absolute white.